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Notwithstanding the heading "Combined Transport", the provisions set out and referred to in this Bill of Lading shall also apply, if the transport as described in this Bill of Lading is performed by one mode of transport only.
Carrier:
Means the party on whose behalf this Bill of Lading has been signed.
Merchant:
Includes the Shipper, the Receiver, the Consignor, and the Consignee, the holder of this Bill of Lading and the owner of the Goods or person entitled to the possession of the Goods and the servants and agents and principals of any of these, all of whom shall be jointly and severally liable to the Carrier for the payment of Freight, and for the performance of the obligations of any of them under this Bill of Lading.
Goods:
Means the cargo received from the Shipper and includes a Container not supplied by the Carrier.
Container:
Includes a container, trailer, transportable tank, flat rack, pallet or any other article used to consolidate Goods or any equipment thereof or connected thereto.
Carriage:
Means the whole of the operations and the services undertaken by the Carrier in respect of the Goods.
Combined Transport:
Arises when the Place of Acceptance and/or the Place of Delivery are set out on page two overleaf in the relevant margins.
The terms of the Carrier's applicable Tariff at the date of shipment are incorporated herein. Copies of the relevant provisions of the applicable Tariff are available from the Carrier or its agents. In the case of inconsistency between this Bill of Lading and the applicable Tariff, this Bill of Lading shall prevail.
All liability, whatsoever, of the Carrier shall cease unless suit is brought within 9 months after delivery of the Goods or the date when the Goods should have been delivered.
Except as otherwise provided specifically herein, disputes arising under this Bill of Lading or in connection therewith shall be determined exclusively by the High Court of Justice in London and in accordance with the English law. Any actions against the Merchant may, at the Carrier’s sole option, also be brought in the countries of the Port of Loading, Port of Discharge, Place of Delivery or in any jurisdiction where the Merchant has a place of business.
The Carrier shall be entitled to subcontract the whole or any part of the contract of Carriage, loading, unloading, storing, warehousing, handling including, but not limited to all duties usually undertaken by a Carrier.
The Carrier may at any time and without notice to the Merchant:
use any means of transport (water, land and/or air) or storage whatsoever;
transship or carry the Goods on another vessel or conveyance or by any other means of transport than that named on page two overleaf;
proceed by any route in its sole and absolute discretion and whether the nearest, most direct, customary or advertised route at any speed, and proceed to or stay at any place whatsoever once or more often and in any order or omit calling at any port, whether scheduled or not;
terminate the transportation and discharge Goods or Containers or other packages and devan and/or store contents at any place whatsoever, ashore or afloat, in the open or covered, and require the Merchant to take delivery and, upon failure to do so, warehouse the Goods at risk and expense of Merchant and Goods;
comply with any orders, directions or recommendations given by any government or authority or by any person or body acting or purporting to act with the authority of any government or authority or having under the terms of the insurance on the Vessel or other conveyance employed by the Carrier the right to give such orders, directions or recommendations;
take any other steps or precautions as may appear reasonable to the Carrier under the circumstances.
The liberties set out in Clause 7(a) through 7(f) may be invoked for
any purpose whatsoever even if not connected with the carriage covered
by this Bill of Lading, and any action taken or omitted to be taken, and
any delay arising therefrom, shall be deemed to be within the
contractual and contemplated carriage and not be an unreasonable
deviation. Notwithstanding, the Carrier shall be entitled to full
Charges and any additional freight, storage and all other expenses
incurred by or on behalf of Carrier, all of which shall be due and owing
from Merchant, and the Carrier shall have a lien on the Goods for same.
Goods may be stowed by the Carrier by means of and in, for example,
Containers, trailers, transportable tanks, flats, pallets, or similar
articles of transport used to consolidate Goods.
Containers, trailers, transportable tanks and covered and uncovered
flats, whether stowed by the Carrier or received by it in a stowed
condition from the Merchant, may be carried on or under deck without
notice to the Merchant and if so carried, the legislation referred to
in Clause 11 below shall apply notwithstanding carriage on deck and the
Goods and/or Containers shall contribute to General Average as if
carried under deck. Notwithstanding anything contained in this Clause
the Carrier shall be under no liability whatsoever for loss, damage or
delay howsoever occurring to Goods stated on page two overleaf hereof
to be carried on deck or so carried or to live animals whether or not
carried on or under deck.
The Carrier shall use reasonable endeavours to complete the
transport and to deliver the Goods at the place designated for delivery
or as near thereto as under the prevailing circumstances possible.
If at any time the performance of the contract as evidenced by this
Bill of Lading is or will be affected by any hindrance, risk, delay,
difficulty or disadvantage of whatsoever kind the Carrier (whether or
not the transport is commenced) may at any time at its sole discretion
and without notice to the Merchant:
abandon the Carriage of the Goods and where reasonably possible
place the Goods or any part of them at the Merchant’s disposal at any
place which the Carrier may deem safe and convenient, whereupon the
responsibility of the Carrier in respect of such Goods shall cease, or
sell the Goods;
without prejudice to the Carrier’s right to abandon the Carriage
under Sub-Clause (a) above, continue the Carriage.
In any event the Carrier shall be entitled to full freight for
Goods received for transportation and additional compensation for extra
costs resulting from the circumstances referred to above. The Carrier
exercising the liberties under this Clause shall not be under any
obligation to take any particular measure and shall not be liable for
any loss, delay or damage howsoever arising from any action or lack of
action under this Clause.
The liability of the Carrier in respect of the Goods shall cease on
the delivery or other disposition of the Goods in accordance with the
orders or recommendations given by any government or authority or any
person acting or purporting to act as or on behalf of such government
or authority.
The Carrier may at its option open any Container or package to inspect the contents. If it appears that any part thereof cannot safely or properly be carried, either at all or without incurring additional expense, the Carrier may abandon the transportation and/or take any measures and/or incur any reasonable additional expenses to continue carriage or store Goods, which storage shall be deemed to constitute due delivery hereunder. The Merchant shall indemnify the Carrier against any reasonable additional Charges so incurred, unless due solely to the Carrier’s fault.
The Carrier shall be liable for loss of or damage to the Goods
occurring between the time when it receives the Goods into its charge
and the time of delivery. In case of a multimodal transport and if the
place of damage or loss of the Goods is known, the responsibility of
the Carrier is determined by the law which applies to this leg of
carriage.
The Carrier shall, however, be relieved of liability for any loss
or damage if such loss or damage arose or resulted from:
act or neglect of the Merchant.
compliance with the instructions of the person(s) entitled to give
them.
the lack of, or defective conditions of packing in the case of
Goods which, by their nature, are liable to wastage or to be damaged
when not packed or when not properly packed.
handling, loading, stowage or unloading of the Goods by or on
behalf of the Merchant.
inherent vice of the Goods.
insufficiency or inadequacy of marks or numbers on the Goods,
covering, or unit loads.
strikes or lock-outs or stoppages or restraints of labour from
whatever cause whether partial or general.
nuclear incident.
act, neglect or default of the master, mariner, pilot or the
servants of the Carrier in the navigation or in the management of the
vessel.
fire, unless caused by the actual fault or privity of the Carrier.
act and instructions of governments, of prince and rulers, act of
god, force majeure or authorities (including custom authorities)
performing their duties.
independent subcontractors not appointed by or in the direct
services of the Carrier.
any cause or event which the Carrier could not avoid and the
consequence whereof it could not prevent by the exercise of reasonable
diligence.
Where under Clause 11 (2) the Carrier is not under any liability in
respect of some of the factors causing the loss or damage, it shall
only be liable to the extent that those factors for which it is liable
under this Clause have contributed to the loss or damage.
It shall be presumed that a damage which under the circumstances of
the case could be attributed to the causes or events specified in
Clause 11 (2) were caused by these causes or events. The Merchant shall
however be entitled to prove that the loss or damage was not in fact
caused either wholly or partly by one or more of these causes or
events.
When the Carrier is liable for compensation in respect of loss of
or damage to the Goods, such compensation shall be calculated by
reference to the value of such Goods they would have had at the place
and time they were delivered to the Merchant in accordance with the
contract or when they should have been so delivered.
The sound value of the Goods shall be fixed according to the
commodity exchange price or, if there is no such price, according to
the current market price or, if there be no commodity exchange price or
current market price, by reference to the normal value of Goods of the
same kind and quality and is presumed to be the FOB/FCA invoice value
plus freight and insurance if paid.
Compensation per Bill of Lading for Goods lost or damaged or for
other damages shall not exceed US$ 1,000.00 legal tender of the USA.
Compensation shall not, however, exceed the limits of the Hague
Rules, Hague-Visby Rules/ US COGSA 1936/ or any other limit set under
the applicable Conventions. In all other events the compensation shall
not exceed US$ 2.00 per Kilo of gross weight of the Goods.
Higher compensation may be claimed only when, with the consent of
the Carrier, the value for the Goods declared by the Shipper and which
exceeds the limits laid down in this Clause has been stated on page two
overleaf of this Bill of Lading at the place indicated and when an ad
valorem freight has been paid. In that case the amount of the declared
value shall be substituted for that limit.
Notwithstanding anything provided for in Clauses 11 and 12 above,
the loss or damage of the Carrier and or the Merchant shall, in respect
of liability of the Carrier, be determined by the provisions contained
in any International Convention or national law which provisions cannot
be departed from by private contract, to the detriment of the claimants
and which would have applied if the Merchant had made a separate and
direct contract with the Carrier in respect of the particular stage of
transport where the loss or damage occurred and if there was received
as evidence thereof any particular document which must be issued if
such International Convention or national law shall apply.
If neither the Hague- or Hague-Visby Rules or US COGSA 1936 or The
Water Carriage Act of 1936 apply to carriage by sea by virtue of the
foregoing provisions, the liability of the Carrier in respect of any
carriage by sea shall be determined by the International Convention for
the Unification of certain rules relating to Bills of Lading dated 25
August 1924 (Hague Rules) and any subsequent amendments thereto. The
Hague-/Hague-Visby Rules shall also determine the liability of the
Carrier in respect of carriage by inland waterways as if such carriage
were carriage by sea. They shall also apply to all Goods whether
carried on deck or under deck.
If it cannot be proven where or when or at what stage of the
Carriage the Goods were lost or damaged, it shall be conclusively
deemed to have occurred whilst at sea and the Carrier’s liability, if
any, shall be determined in accordance with the provisions of Clause 13
(2).
If the place of receipt or place of delivery is not named on page
two overleaf.
the Carrier shall be under no liability whatsoever for loss of or
damage to the Goods, howsoever occurring, if such loss or damage
arises prior to loading onto the vessel;
if the place of delivery is not named on the face hereof, the
Carrier shall be under no liability whatsoever for loss of or damage
to the Goods, howsoever occurring, if such loss or damage arises
subsequent to discharge from the vessel.
The clauses 11 to 13 of this Bill of Lading apply in addition to
and shall not be construed as derogating from any defence or exclusion,
restriction or limitation of liability available to the Carrier under
the terms of this Bill of Lading or otherwise.
Unless expressly agreed, the Carrier does not undertake that the Goods shall arrive at the Port of Discharge or Place of Delivery at any particular time or to meet any particular market or use, and the Carrier shall not be liable for direct, indirect or consequential loss or damage caused by delay. If the Carrier should nevertheless be held legally liable for any such direct or indirect or consequential loss or damage caused by such alleged delay, such liability shall be limited to the freight for the transport covered by this Bill of Lading, or to the value of the Goods as determined in Clause 12, whichever is the lesser.
Unless notice of loss of or damage to the Goods, specifying the
general nature of such loss or damage, is given in writing by the
Merchant to the Carrier when the Goods are handed over to the Merchant,
such handing over is prima facie evidence of the delivery by the
Carrier of the Goods as described in this Bill of Lading.
Where the loss or damage is not apparent, the same prima facie
effect shall apply if notice in writing is not given within three (3)
consecutive days after the day when the Goods were handed over to the
Merchant.
The defences and limits of liability provided for in this Bill of
Lading shall apply in any action against the Carrier for loss or damage
to the Goods whether the action be founded in contract, bailment or in
tort and even if the loss or damage arose as a result of
unseaworthiness, negligence or fundamental breach of contract.
The Merchant undertakes that no claim shall be made against any
servant, agent, Subcontractor or other persons whose services the
Carrier has used in order to perform this Contract and if a claim is
nevertheless made, to indemnify the Carrier against all consequences
thereof.
Without prejudice to the foregoing every such servant, agent, and
Subcontractor shall have the benefit of all Terms and Conditions of
whatsoever nature herein contained or otherwise benefiting the Carrier
including Clause 5 hereof ( the law and jurisdiction clause) as if such
Terms and Conditions (including Clause 5) were expressly for their
benefit and, in entering into this contract, the Carrier, to the extent
of such Terms and Conditions, does so on its own behalf, and also as
agent and trustee for such servants, agents and Subcontractors.
The Merchant shall be deemed to have guaranteed to the Carrier the accuracy, at the time the Goods were taken in charge by the Carrier, of the description of the Goods, marks, numbers, quantity and weight, as furnished by it and the
Merchant shall defend, indemnify and hold harmless the Carrier against all loss, damage and expenses arising or resulting from inaccuracies in or inadequacy of such particulars. The Merchant shall remain liable even if the Bill of Lading has been transferred.
If a Container has not been loaded, packed or stowed by the
Carrier, the latter shall not be liable for loss of or damage to its
contents and the Merchant shall cover any loss or expense incurred by
the Carrier, if such loss, damage or expense has been caused by:
negligent loading, packing or stowing of the Container;
the contents being unsuitable for carriage in Container; or
the unsuitability or defective condition of the Container unless
the Container has been supplied by the Carrier and the unsuitability
or defective condition would not have been apparent upon reasonable
inspection at or prior to the time when the Container was filled,
packed or stowed.
The Carrier does not accept liability for damage due to the
unsuitability or defective condition of any equipment supplied by the
Merchant.
Containers supplied by or on behalf of the Carrier shall be
returned to the Carrier with interiors clean, odour free to the point
or place designated by the Carrier and in the same order and condition
as handed over to the Merchant at the port of loading or any other
inland destination and within the time prescribed in the Carrier's
tariff or elsewhere. Should a Container not be returned in such manner
the Merchant shall be liable for any detention, loss or expense
incurred as a result thereof.
Containers released into the care of the Merchant for packing,
unpacking or any other purpose whatsoever are at the sole risk of the
Merchant until redelivered to the Carrier. The Merchant shall indemnify
the Carrier for all loss of and/or damage and/or delay to such
Containers. Merchants are deemed to be aware of the dimensions and
capacity of any Containers released to them.
The Merchant shall comply with all internationally recognised
requirements and all rules which apply according to national law or by
reason of international Convention, relating to the carriage of Goods
of a dangerous nature, and shall in any event inform the Carrier in
writing of the exact nature of the danger before Goods of a dangerous
nature are taken into charge by the Carrier and indicate to it, if need
be, the precautions to be taken.
Goods of a dangerous nature which the Carrier did not know were
dangerous, may, at any time or place, be unloaded, destroyed, or
rendered harmless, without compensation. The Merchant shall be liable
for all expenses, loss or damage arising out of their handing over for
carriage or of their carriage.
If any Goods shipped with the knowledge of the Carrier as to their
dangerous nature shall become a danger to any person or property, they
may in a like manner be landed at any place or destroyed or rendered
innocuous by the Carrier without liability on the part of the Carrier
except to General Average.
Any hazardous cargo to be clearly marked with an asterisk on page
two overleaf.
The freight payable hereunder has been calculated and based on
particulars of the Goods furnished by or on behalf of the Merchant. The
Carrier shall be entitled at any time to reweigh, remeasure or revalue
the Goods and for this purpose to open and remove and examine the
contents of any Container(s) and if the particulars furnished are found
to be incorrect, the freight shall be adjusted accordingly with a
surcharge of 30% of the adjusted freight and the Merchant shall also
pay any expenses incurred by the Carrier in checking the said
particulars.
Freight shall be deemed completely earned on receipt of the Goods
by the Carrier and non-returnable in any event, Goods and/or Vessel
lost or not lost and shall be paid by the Merchant immediately without
any set-off, counter-claim or deduction or stay of execution but at
latest before delivery of the cargo.
Charges and/or expenses and/or claims, fines, penalties, damages,
costs and other amounts which may be incurred or imposed upon Carrier
by reason of any breach by Merchant of any of the terms and provisions
of this Bill of Lading or of any statutory or regulatory requirement or
to be paid by the Merchant as agreed and/or under the conditions of
this Bill of Lading and/or under the statutory law are payable on
demand shall be considered definitely payable in like manner as soon as
the charges/expenses have been incurred.
Merchants shall be jointly and severally liable to Carrier for
freight, charges, expenses, demurrage, detention, advances and any and
all costs associated with the abandonment of the Goods or a refusal of
the consignee to take delivery whether or not page two overleaf has
been marked “prepaid” or “collect” so long as freight, charges,
expenses etc. (see above) remain unpaid.
The Carrier shall have a lien on the Goods and any documents relating thereto
which shall survive delivery of the Goods for any sums whatsoever payable by
or chargeable to or for the account of the Merchant under this Bill of Lading and
any contract preliminary hereto and for general average contributions to
whomsoever due and for the cost and expenses of recovering such sums. The
Carrier shall also have a lien against the Merchant on the Goods and any
document relating thereto for all sums due from him to the Carrier in connection
with any other shipment of the Merchant. The Carrier may exercise its lien at any
time and place in its sole discretion and may dispose of or sell the Goods
privately or by public auction without notice to the Merchant.
General Average shall be adjusted at any port or place at the
Carrier's option, and to be settled according to the York-Antwerp Rules
1994, this covering all Goods, whether carried on or under deck. The
New Jason Clause, as approved by BIMCO, to be considered as
incorporated herein.
Security including a cash deposit as the Carrier may deem
sufficient to cover the estimated contribution of the Goods and any
salvage and special charges thereon, shall, if required, be submitted
to the Carrier prior to delivery of the Goods.
The Both-to-Blame Collision Clause as adopted by BIMCO shall be considered incorporated herein.
In case the contract evidenced by this Bill of Lading is subject to
the Carriage of Goods by Sea Act of the United States of America, 1936
(U.S. COGSA), then the provisions stated in the said Act shall govern
before loading and after discharge and throughout the entire time the
Goods are in the Carrier's custody.
If the U.S. COGSA applies, and unless the nature and value of the
Goods have been declared by the shipper before the Goods have been
handed over to the Carrier and inserted in this Bill of Lading, the
Carrier shall in no event be or become liable for any loss of or damage
to the Goods in an amount exceeding US$ 500 per package or customary
freight unit.
The Southern District Court of New York to have sole jurisdiction
in cases that are litigated for cargo shipped to or from the United
States of America.
Nothing in this Bill of Lading shall operate to
deprive the Carrier of any statutory protection or defence, immunity,
exemption, limitation of or exoneration from liability contained in
applicable laws. The Terms and Conditions of this Bill of Lading
(including all the terms and conditions of the Carrier’s applicable
tariff incorporated herein by virtue of Clause 3 above) shall be
separable, and if any part or term hereof shall be held invalid, this
shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any other part or
term hereof.
*For B/L Terms & Conditions regarding shipments for USA and Canada, click here.